• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Impact damper cylinder, comprising a cylindrical body where a rod (3) that includes an open chamber is displaced, the rod being displaceable within a first inner chamber present in the cylindrical body to displace a volume of fluid, and a second chamber (24) which houses a pressurized gas. A fixed intermediate piece housed between the piston (28) and the shank (3) is provided defining a third chamber (29), such that the open chamber of the shank is partially insertable in the intermediate piece (4), the intermediate piece having holes passages (16, 26) through which the fluid passes from the open chamber (20) and the first chamber (15) towards the third chamber (29) through the through holes (26) and a conduit (5) located inside the piece intermediate (4) communicating with the first and third chamber through the holes (16). The sum of the cross sections of the through holes is equal to or substantially equal to the cross section of the rod (3). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2696800A1
    申请号:ES201730940
    申请日:2017-07-17
    公开日:2019-01-17
    发明作者:Gimeno Manuel Carcare
    申请人:Gimeno Manuel Carcare；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002] Shock absorber cylinder
    [0003]
    [0004]
    [0005]
    [0006] The object of the present application is the registration of an impact cushion cylinder.
    [0007]
    [0008] More specifically, the invention proposes the development of a shock-absorbing cylinder, for example, of those used to decelerate and brake, until it stops, a mass in motion.
    [0009]
    [0010]
    [0011]
    [0012] The impact cylinders are used to decelerate and brake, until it stops, a moving mass. Example of these cylinders are those used in the stops located at the ends of rail cars.
    [0013]
    [0014] A known example of an impact cushion cylinder is that which comprises a cylindrical body in whose interior a rod that includes an open chamber and is provided with a stop located at an end provided to receive the impact of a mass, is axially displaceable. shank displaceable along a first inner chamber present in the cylindrical body to displace a volume of a fluid, and a second chamber provided to receive a pressurized gas that is separated from the first chamber by means of a displaceable piston. In these cylinders a step is created with a throttle for the passage of the oil that causes the brake of the movement of the rod, generating a heating of the oil lodged inside the cylinder, and transforming the kinetic energy of the impact into heat.
    [0015]
    [0016] In addition, the applicant is currently not aware of an invention that has all the features described in this specification.
    [0017]
    [0018]
    [0019]
    [0020] The present invention has been developed in order to provide a cushion cylinder of impact that is configured as a novelty within the field of application, contributing, in addition, other additional advantages that will be evident from the description that is attached below.
    [0021]
    [0022] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an impact cushion cylinder, comprising a cylindrical body into which a rod that includes an open chamber and is provided with a stop located at the end opposite the open chamber is axially displaceable. , intended to receive the impact of a mass, the rod being movable along a first inner chamber present in the cylindrical body to displace a volume of a fluid, and a second chamber provided to receive a pressurized gas that is separated from the first chamber by means of a displaceable piston.
    [0023]
    [0024] In particular, the invention is characterized by a cylinder of easy construction, which can be disassembled with relative ease for operations of maintenance or replacement of components, which further comprises a fixed intermediate piece housed between the piston and the rod defining a third chamber, such that the open chamber of the rod is partially insertable in the intermediate piece in a travel stroke of the rod, the intermediate piece having a plurality of through holes through which the fluid (eg, oil) passes from the open chamber of the rod and of the first chamber in the direction of the third chamber through the through holes and a conduit located inside the intermediate piece that is in fluid communication with the first and third chamber through the through holes.
    [0025]
    [0026] It should be mentioned that the sum of cross sections of the through holes is equal or substantially equal to the cross section of the rod.
    [0027]
    [0028] According to another aspect of the invention, the plurality of holes is arranged axially and radially with respect to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical body.
    [0029]
    [0030] At the initial moment of impact, the rod must have a high acceleration since it must go from zero speed, to that of the body that moves and that you want to stop or brake. To do this, at the initial moment, the cylinder braking system must find the minimum oil resistance of the first chamber and chamber opened towards the third chamber and start the compression of the gas present in the second chamber.
    [0031] All this is achieved by making the section of the shank practically or identical to the sections of the through holes in the intermediate piece, and thus, at the beginning of the impact and of the movement of the shank the resistance to the beginning of movement and acceleration of the shank it is minimal (the only resistance corresponds to the initial pressure of gas charge of the second chamber). This pressure will have a value that will depend on the speed of impact in each case.
    [0032]
    [0033] Advantageously, the cylindrical body is formed by two parts that are joined together by the intermediate piece.
    [0034]
    [0035] Preferably, the intermediate piece is formed by a first section of cylindrical shape and a second section extending from the first section and oriented towards the truncated cone-shaped stem.
    [0036]
    [0037] Also, the first section of the intermediate piece includes through holes disposed radially with respect to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical body.
    [0038]
    [0039] In a preferred embodiment, the second section of the intermediate piece includes a plurality of through holes arranged axially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical body.
    [0040]
    [0041] Advantageously, the piston includes sealing means.
    [0042]
    [0043] In a preferred embodiment, the sealing means comprise a sealing gasket housed in a circumferential groove.
    [0044]
    [0045] Additionally, the rod incorporates a projection protruding outwards at its end facing the intermediate piece, acting as a stop or end of stroke, thus preventing it from leaving undesirably.
    [0046]
    [0047] Advantageously, the chamber provided for receiving a pressurized gas is delimited by the piston and a removable lid provided with a sealing gasket.
    [0048] Advantageously, the removable lid includes a non-return valve provided for introducing the gas into the interior of the second chamber.
    [0049]
    [0050] In addition, the stem includes a plug located at the end of a hole that runs axially through the interior of the rod extending from the open chamber of the rod.
    [0051]
    [0052] Additionally, a region of the inner wall of the cylindrical body through which the rod slides includes a sealing gasket and a scraper seal that allows to avoid the entry of dust from the external environment.
    [0053]
    [0054] According to another aspect of the invention, there is a joining system that connects the intermediate piece with the two parts of the cylindrical body, a preference of the joining system being an external thread portion located on the outer face of the intermediate piece that it is threadedly connected with thread sections present on the inner faces of the two parts of the cylindrical body.
    [0055]
    [0056] Other characteristics and advantages of the shock absorber cylinder object of the present invention will be apparent from the description of a preferred embodiment, but not exclusive, which is illustrated by way of non-limiting example in the accompanying drawings, in which:
    [0057]
    [0058]
    [0059]
    [0060] Figure 1.- It is a schematic view in section of an embodiment of the shock absorber cylinder according to the present invention in an operating condition in which the stem is in an extended position by effect of the pressure of the gas that pressurizes the oil ; Y
    [0061] Figure 2.- It is a diagrammatic view in section of the shock absorber cylinder in a second operating condition in which the rod is partially inserted inside the cylindrical body due to an impact of a mass to be braked.
    [0062]
    [0063]
    [0064]
    [0065] In view of the aforementioned figures and, according to the numbering adopted, it can be see in them an example of a preferred embodiment of the invention, which comprises the parts and elements that are indicated and described in detail below.
    [0066]
    [0067] Going into detail in the represented embodiment, the shock absorber cylinder comprises a cylindrical body, formed by two parts (1, 2), inside which is axially displaceable a rod (3) that includes an open chamber (20) and is provided with a stop (23) located at an end provided to receive the impact of a mass (not shown). The shank (3) can move along a first inner chamber (15) present in the cylindrical body to displace a volume of a fluid, and a second chamber (24) provided to receive a pressurized gas that is separated from the third one. chamber (29) by means of a displaceable piston (28).
    [0068]
    [0069] The shock absorber cylinder incorporates a flange (10) integral with the second part (2) of the cylindrical body by means of a thread or other fastening system. This flange (10) has the function of supporting and fixing the structure by means of holes (12) that allow the insertion of screws (not shown).
    [0070]
    [0071] In addition, the damper cylinder comprises a fixed intermediate piece (4) housed between the piston (28) and the shank (3), defining a third chamber (29), so that the open chamber (20) of the shank is partially insertable in the intermediate piece (4) in a displacement stroke of the rod (3), the intermediate piece having a plurality of through holes (16, 26) through which the oil passes from the first chamber (15) to the third chamber (29) by a conduit (5) located inside the intermediate piece (4) that is in fluid communication with the first and third chamber.
    [0072]
    [0073] The sum of the cross sections of the through holes (16, 26) is equal to or substantially equal to the cross section of the rod (3).
    [0074]
    [0075] Between the oil that enters the pipe (5) to the third chamber (29) due to the displacement of the rod (3) towards the interior of the cylindrical body, and the second gas chamber (24), there is a separating element between both fluids, oil and gas, which prevents mixing between them. This separating element consists of a piston (28) with its corresponding sealing gasket (7) which slides along the polished inner wall of the body (1) A rubber membrane with identical functionality can also be installed instead of the separating piston.
    [0076]
    [0077] In addition, a removable cover (8) and with its corresponding sealing gasket (9) is provided, incorporating a non-return valve (27) provided to introduce the gas (for example, N 2 ) into the interior of the second chamber ( 24).
    [0078]
    [0079] Mention that the open chamber (20) formed by the recess of the rod (3), the first chamber (15) and the conduit (5) are full of oil that has been introduced through the hole (21) during its assembly. A plug (22) is disposed at one end of the rod (3), which has the purpose of preventing leakage of the oil introduced in all the chambers preventing their leakage or emptying.
    [0080]
    [0081] As can be seen in the figures, the stem (3) incorporates a projection (19) to prevent it from coming off. This stem (3) with polished and chrome-plated surface to prevent oxidation is slid by a guide ring (not shown) located inside a groove (13) present on the inside face of the wall of the part (2) of the body cylindrical. A sealing gasket (17) prevents oil from spilling outwards. In another slot (18) can be located a scraper seal (not shown) intended to prevent the entry of dust into the interior from the outside environment.
    [0082]
    [0083] The reference (6) generally indicates the connection between the intermediate piece (4) with the parts (1, 2) of the cylindrical body, being in this case a threaded connection, whereby the parts (1, 2) are threaded in the intermediate piece (4). In this way, no additional elements or complex systems are required to carry out the clamping.
    [0084]
    [0085] In conditions of start of operation, the gas chamber (24) is pressurized to a predetermined pressure according to the requirement of the application. The piston (28) is displaced to a point very close to an end face of the intermediate piece (4), as can be seen in figure 1.
    [0086]
    [0087] The operation of the described shock absorber cylinder is detailed below:
    [0088]
    [0089] When the stop (23) receives an impact from the object to be braked to reduce its impact velocity at zero speed, the rod (3) is set in motion starting at dislodge the volume of oil from the chambers (20), (15) and (5). The oil that is dislodging the rod (3) in its entire route has to pass to the third chamber (29) through the through holes (16) and (26). As the third chamber (29) is filled with oil, the piston (28) also moves by reducing the volume of the second chamber (24) and in this way the gas in said second chamber (24) increases its pressure by reducing its volume.
    [0090]
    [0091] As the gas pressure increases, a progressive resistance is produced to the advance towards the interior of the rod (3) and in this way, the mass or object whose kinetic energy is wanted to absorb and brake, reduces its speed.
    [0092]
    [0093] It is important to note that at the beginning of the reception of the impact and the displacement towards the interior of the stem (3), the oil found in the open chamber (20) of the stem (3) can pass freely through a passage (11). ) formed by the intermediate piece (4) and the stem projection (19).
    [0094]
    [0095] As the rod (3) is introduced into the cylindrical body, the intermediate piece (4) is "introduced" into the open chamber (20). Said intermediate piece (4), which has an increasing conicity, causes that the more the intermediate piece (4) is introduced in the open chamber (20) of the shank, the greater the difficulty of the oil remaining in said chamber (20) so that out. This progressive throttling defined in the frustoconical section (14) of the oil outlet passage of the open chamber (20) towards the chamber (15) due to the progressive throttling created between the diameter of the open chamber (20) and the conical diameter of the intermediate piece (4) creates an increasing braking resistance together with that of the gas that is compressed in the second chamber (24).
    [0096]
    [0097] The details, shapes, dimensions and other accessory elements used in the manufacture of the shock-absorbing cylinder of the invention may be conveniently replaced by others that do not deviate from the scope defined by the claims that are included below.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    1. Impact absorbing cylinder, comprising a cylindrical body inside which is axially displaceable a rod (3) that includes an open chamber (20) and is provided with a stop located at an end provided to receive the impact of a mass, the rod (3) being movable along a first inner chamber (15) present in the cylindrical body to displace a volume of a fluid, and a second chamber (24) provided to receive a pressurized gas that is separate from the first one. chamber (15) by means of a displaceable piston, characterized in that a fixed intermediate piece (4) housed between the piston (28) and the stem (3) is provided defining a third chamber (29), such that the The open chamber of the shank is partially insertable in the intermediate piece (4) in a travel stroke of the shank (3), the intermediate piece (4) having a plurality of through holes (16, 26) through which the fluid passes. of the open chamber of the rod (20) and of the first chamber (15) in the direction of the third chamber (29) through the through holes (26) and a conduit (5) located inside the intermediate piece (4) that is in fluid communication with the first and third chamber through the holes (16), and;
    wherein the sum of cross sections of the through holes (16, 26) is equal or substantially equal to the cross section of the rod (3).
    [2]
    Impact damper cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that at least a part of the plurality of holes is arranged axially and radially with respect to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical body.
    [3]
    3. Impact absorber cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical body is formed by two parts (1, 2).
    [4]
    Impact damper cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate part (4) is formed by a first section of cylindrical shape and a second section extending from the first section and oriented by the shank (3) of a truncated cone shape.
    [5]
    Impact damper cylinder according to claim 4, characterized in that the first section of the intermediate piece (4) includes through holes arranged radially with respect to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical body.
    [6]
    Impact damper cylinder according to any of Claims 4 and 5, characterized in that the second section of the intermediate piece (4) includes a plurality of through holes arranged axially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical body.
    [7]
    7. Impact absorber cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston (28) includes sealing means.
    [8]
    8. Impact absorber cylinder according to claim 7, characterized in that the sealing means comprise a sealing gasket housed in a circumferential groove.
    [9]
    Impact damper cylinder according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rod (3) incorporates at its end facing the intermediate piece (4) a protrusion projecting outwards.
    [10]
    Impact damper cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that the chamber provided for receiving a pressurized gas is delimited by the piston (28) and a removable lid (8) provided with a sealing gasket.
    [11]
    11. Impact absorber cylinder according to claim 10, characterized in that the removable cover (8) includes a non-return valve (27).
    [12]
    Impact damper cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that the rod (3) includes a plug located at the end of an orifice that runs axially through the interior of the rod (3) extending from the open chamber of the stem (3).
    [13]
    Impact damper cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that a region of the inner wall facing the rod (3) includes a scraper seal.
    [14]
    Impact damper cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that a region of the inner wall facing the rod (3) includes a gasket.
    [15]
    Impact shock absorber cylinder according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the intermediate piece (4) includes an external thread portion which is threadedly connected with thread sections present in the parts (1, 2) of the cylindrical body.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2696800B2|2019-06-21|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    FR2048364A5|1970-03-11|1971-03-19|Mo I Inzhe|
    DE2015016A1|1970-03-28|1971-10-21|Moskowsky institut inschenerow Schelesnodoroschnogo transporta UdSSR, Moskau|Hydropneumatic damping device|
    GB2123922A|1982-06-15|1984-02-08|Tokico Ltd|Hydraulic damper with adjustable flow path|
    ES2402352T3|2010-01-25|2013-04-30|Koni B.V.|Rigid shock absorber|
    US20110284333A1|2010-05-20|2011-11-24|Suspa Gmbh|Damper|
    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201730940A|ES2696800B2|2017-07-17|2017-07-17|Shock absorber cylinder.|ES201730940A| ES2696800B2|2017-07-17|2017-07-17|Shock absorber cylinder.|
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